The Harz is a Mittelgebirge that has the highest elevations in Northern Germany and its rugged terrain extends across parts of Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The name Harz derives from the Middle High German word Hardt or Hart (hill forest), Latinized as Hercynia. The Brocken is the highest summit in the Harz with an elevation of 1,141.1 metres (3,744 ft) above sea level. The Wurmberg (971 metres (3,186 ft)) is the highest peak located entirely within the state of Lower Saxony. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harz

The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald, pronounced [ˈʃvaʁt͡svalt]) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany. It is bounded by the Rhine valley to the west and south. Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft). The region is roughly oblong in shape with a length of 160 km (99 mi) and breadth of up to 50 km (31 mi). (reference unknown)

Sam and companions traveled by donkey from Cairo to visit the Sphinx and the Pyramids of Giza on October 5, 1867.
Mark Twain Project: Quaker City Itinerary

Giza (/ˈɡiːzə/; sometimes spelled Gizah or Jizah; Coptic: ⲅⲓⲍⲁ Giza; Egyptian Arabic: الجيزة‎‎ el-Gīza), is the third-largest city in Egypt. It is located on the west bank of the Nile, 5 km (3 mi) southwest of central Cairo. Along with Cairo Governorate, Shubra El-Kheima, Helwan, 6th October City and Obour, the five form Greater Cairo metropolis.

Sam and companions traveled by donkey from Cairo to the Sphinx October 5, 1867.
Mark Twain Project: Quaker City Itinerary

Shepheard's Hotel was the leading hotel in Cairo and one of the most celebrated hotels in the world from the middle of the 19th century until it was burned down in 1952 in the Cairo Fire. Five years after the original one was destroyed, a new hotel was built nearby and named the Shepheard Hotel.

Sam and companions arrived in Ramla the evening of September 29, 1867 from Jerusalem. They departed again the morning of September 30th for Jaffa.
Mark Twain Project: Quaker City Itinerary

See Bædeker (1876) Route 2 page 133 (Ramleh)

See Bædeker (1898) Route 22 page 248 (Rámallâh)

Murray Route 16 page 276 (Ramleh)

Gehenna (Greek γέεννα), Gehinnom (Rabbinical Hebrew: גהנום/גהנם) and Yiddish Gehinnam, are terms derived from a place outside ancient Jerusalem known in the Hebrew Bible as the Valley of the Son of Hinnom (Hebrew: גֵיא בֶן־הִנֹּם or גיא בן-הינום); one of the two principal valleys surrounding the Old City.
In the Hebrew Bible, the site was initially where apostate Israelites and followers of various Ba'als and Caananite gods, including Moloch, sacrificed their children by fire (2 Chr. 28:3, 33:6). Thereafter it was deemed to be cursed (Jer. 7:31, 19:2-6).

Zion Gate (Hebrew: שער ציון‎, Shaar Zion, Arabic: Bab Sahyun) also known in Arabic as Bab Harat al-Yahud ("Jewish Quarter Gate"), or Bab an-Nabi Dawud ("Prophet David Gate"), is one of eight gates in the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zion_Gate